Methodology

How each dataset is built, checked and released.

Standards for every release

Primary sources: PUCT reports and directories, the PUCT Power to Choose export, ERCOT market pages, utility tariffs, Texas Legislature Online and providers' Electricity Facts Labels. Each source file is retained with its SHA-256 hash and retrieval time.
Every figure is recalculated from the retained source before release. Figures that cannot be reproduced are held back.
Status labels: Verified (checked against primary sources on the last-verified date) and Historical (dated records, retained and checked, not the latest values).
Secondary inputs (third-party listings) are used only where each figure can be recalculated from a provider document (the EFL); only aggregated results are published.
Single-day snapshots are reported as point-in-time observations. Changes over time are reported only from dated series of official records.
Files are immutable. A correction or update is released as a new version with a note in the release history; earlier versions stay available.
Times are Central (America/Chicago) unless stated.

Third-party plan listings and EFL reconciliation (v1.1)

Power Hopper analysis of plan data compiled from Power to Choose-derived third-party listings and REP Electricity Facts Labels. The listing files are secondary sources (third-party mirrors of Power to Choose); they are not official Power to Choose data and are not republished. Only aggregated statistics derived from Electricity Facts Label (EFL) components are published.
Each EFL record gives the provider's average price at 500, 1,000 and 2,000 kWh plus its components: the utility's per-kWh and monthly delivery charges, any recurring provider base charge, and any bill credit with its usage threshold.
Reconciliation: Power Hopper solves for the energy charge (and, where no base charge is stated, one constant monthly amount) that reproduces all three published averages, then checks every level to within the label's 0.1-cent rounding (±0.05¢). Records that do not reproduce are flagged, not used.
Only records the source file marks as EFL-verified are eligible. Records marked unverified, failed, carried forward or not re-checked are excluded from findings. Each distinct EFL is counted once per utility (latest issue date).
Monthly bills at 999 and 1,000 kWh are recalculated from the reconciled components: energy charge plus delivery charges times usage, plus monthly charges, minus the bill credit where usage meets the threshold.
Citation for figures derived from these files: Power Hopper analysis of plan data compiled from Power to Choose-derived third-party listings and REP Electricity Facts Labels, plus the standard dataset citation.

What was not published, and why

September-to-October comparisons from the listing files: the records are third-party rankings and advertised rates, mostly without verified EFLs, and the September records carry labels that were not independently verified. They are not comparable to official Power to Choose data and are not presented as a trend.
Third-party rankings, plan-level listing rows and third-party text: not republished, for redistribution reasons.
5 EFL records whose credit wording (above 1,000 kWh) conflicts with their own 1,000 kWh price: held for document review.
A separately supplied Power to Choose CSV (not independently downloaded; date unconfirmed): used only as a cross-check of the Nov 10 export.

Definitions

Delivery utility (TDU): The company that owns the poles and wires and bills delivery charges through the provider. Oncor, CenterPoint, AEP Texas Central, AEP Texas North and TNMP are PUCT-regulated. Lubbock Power & Light is a municipal utility regulated by the Lubbock City Council.
PUCT REP certificate: A retail electric provider certificate issued by the Public Utility Commission of Texas, counted by distinct certificate number.
Power to Choose brand: A provider name in the Power to Choose plan export. Brands are not certificates; one certificate can operate several brands.
Median price: The middle of the listed average prices for a group of plans, unweighted.
Pending proposal: A filed bill or resolution that has not become law.
Electricity Facts Label (EFL): The provider's standard disclosure for a plan, listing average prices at 500, 1,000 and 2,000 kWh and the charges and credits behind them.
Usage-sensitive plan: A listing whose 1,000 kWh average price is at least 25% below its 500 kWh price, typically because of a bill credit or minimum-usage terms.

Texas Electricity Plan Price Medians by Utility

Input: the complete Power to Choose plan export (CSV) downloaded from the PUCT site, retained unchanged with its SHA-256 hash.
Rows used: English-language listings. Fixed-rate medians use plans with Fixed = 1 that are not prepaid and not time-of-use.
Prices are the average price per kWh at 500, 1,000 and 2,000 kWh that each provider reports for the plan (Electricity Facts Label figures as listed). They include the utility's delivery charges and any bill credits or minimum-usage fees built into the plan.
Median: the middle value of the listed prices for each delivery utility, rounded half-up to 0.1 cent. Medians are unweighted: each listing counts once regardless of how many customers choose it.
Two independent implementations (the site's JavaScript summarizer and a separate Python script) produce identical results from the same file.

Limitations

A listing is an offer, not a bill. Actual bills depend on usage, plan terms and the utility's charges.
Plans with bill credits or minimum-usage terms can show a low price at one usage level and a high price at another.
Snapshots are single points in time. Provider listings change daily.
The Oct 19 snapshot time comes from the saved file name (export saved 7 PM CT).

Sources: PUCT Power to Choose plan export (public CSV) · Dataset page

Texas Electricity Plan Structure by Utility

Input: the complete Power to Choose plan export (CSV) downloaded from the PUCT site, retained unchanged with its SHA-256 hash.
Rows used: English-language listings. Fixed-rate medians use plans with Fixed = 1 that are not prepaid and not time-of-use.
Prices are the average price per kWh at 500, 1,000 and 2,000 kWh that each provider reports for the plan (Electricity Facts Label figures as listed). They include the utility's delivery charges and any bill credits or minimum-usage fees built into the plan.
Median: the middle value of the listed prices for each delivery utility, rounded half-up to 0.1 cent. Medians are unweighted: each listing counts once regardless of how many customers choose it.
Two independent implementations (the site's JavaScript summarizer and a separate Python script) produce identical results from the same file.
Minimum-usage terms: the export's MinUsageFeesCredits flag. Variable: listings with Fixed not equal to 1 (prepaid and time-of-use excluded). 100% renewable: Renewable = 100.

Limitations

Descriptive and unweighted. It does not show which plans customers choose.
A single snapshot; no trend is implied.

Sources: PUCT Power to Choose plan export (public CSV) · Dataset page

Texas Residential Delivery Charges by Utility

Oncor, CenterPoint, TNMP and LP&L: fixed monthly charges plus volumetric charges times usage, recalculated from tariff components. The Oncor, CenterPoint and TNMP results match the PUCT published averages to the cent at all three usage levels.
AEP Texas Central and AEP Texas North: the PUCT published average bills are used as-is, because the report rounds the per-kWh rate and folds percentage riders into the averages.
LP&L: base charge $2.50 plus 6.008¢/kWh (5.324¢ delivery + 0.167¢ transition + 0.517¢ franchise fee) from the city-adopted 2026-27 tariff.

Limitations

Delivery charges only; energy charges set by the provider are not included.
Oncor's rates are temporary (Docket 59249) and CenterPoint's factor was interim when published.
AEP posted a tariff revision effective Nov 6, 2026 that is not reconciled here; AEP values are the PUCT Nov 1 averages.
LP&L is not regulated under PUCT delivery tariffs; values are shown for completeness.

Sources: PUCT monthly TDU rate reports (Oncor, CenterPoint, AEP, TNMP), as of Nov 1, 2026 · Oncor temporary rates filing, PUCT Docket 59249 (item 105) · Lubbock Power & Light Delivery Service Tariff 2026-27 (city-adopted) · Dataset page

Texas Residential Delivery Charge History, Sep to Nov 2026

Values are the PUCT published average residential delivery bills at each report date (the PUCT replaces these report files monthly; Power Hopper retains each month's copy with a hash).
LP&L values are calculated from each year's city-adopted tariff.

Limitations

Report as-of dates are not always the effective dates; see the note column.
Three monthly observations; do not extrapolate.

Sources: PUCT monthly TDU rate reports, Sep, Oct and Nov 2026 (retained copies) · Oncor temporary rates filing, PUCT Docket 59249 (item 105) · LP&L Delivery Service Tariff 2025-26 · LP&L Delivery Service Tariff 2026-27 · Dataset page

ERCOT Daily Day-Ahead Hub and Load Zone Prices, Nov 2026

Each ERCOT daily page is saved with its SHA-256 hash. The daily average is the simple mean of the hourly day-ahead prices (24 hours).
Real-time peaks use the 96 fifteen-minute settlement intervals of complete operating days only. Times are Central (interval ending).

Limitations

Wholesale prices are not retail rates and do not translate directly into bills.
Short window; ERCOT's daily pages roll off, so the retained copies are the record. Nov 1 (daylight-saving change) and partial days are excluded.

Sources: ERCOT day-ahead settlement point prices (daily market pages) · ERCOT real-time settlement point prices (daily market pages) · Dataset page

Texas Electricity Bills Filed Nov 9, 2026 (Pending Proposals)

The TLO filing-date report was downloaded and retained (SHA-256 2a12cbbb27cc…). Its stated count (1,262) equals the number of parsed records.
All captions were screened for electricity topics; candidate measures' introduced texts were read where posted. Captions, authors and last actions are copied verbatim from TLO.
Impact analysis (priority, likely effects) is withheld until it completes review.

Limitations

Filed bills are proposals. Most bills filed in a session do not become law.
Statuses change; check the TLO history link for the current status.
The electricity screen is Power Hopper's judgment; the full TLO report is the complete list.

Sources: Texas Legislature Online, Bills filed on 11/09/2026 (90R) · Texas Legislature Online bill history and text pages · Dataset page

Texas Retail Electric Provider Counts: PUCT Certificates vs. Power to Choose Brands

Certificates: distinct certificate numbers in the PUCT directory page (retained with hash). Brands: distinct RepCompany values in the Power to Choose export.
Only counts and definitions are published; directory contact details are not republished.

Limitations

Counts are as of one date.
Brand names in the export are provider-entered and may differ in spelling from PUCT names.

Sources: PUCT Retail Electric Provider directory (alphabetical) · PUCT Power to Choose plan export (public CSV) · Dataset page

The 1,000 kWh Bill-Credit Threshold: What One Kilowatt-Hour Costs

Power Hopper analysis of plan data compiled from Power to Choose-derived third-party listings and REP Electricity Facts Labels. The listing files are secondary sources (third-party mirrors of Power to Choose); they are not official Power to Choose data and are not republished. Only aggregated statistics derived from Electricity Facts Label (EFL) components are published.
Each EFL record gives the provider's average price at 500, 1,000 and 2,000 kWh plus its components: the utility's per-kWh and monthly delivery charges, any recurring provider base charge, and any bill credit with its usage threshold.
Reconciliation: Power Hopper solves for the energy charge (and, where no base charge is stated, one constant monthly amount) that reproduces all three published averages, then checks every level to within the label's 0.1-cent rounding (±0.05¢). Records that do not reproduce are flagged, not used.
Only records the source file marks as EFL-verified are eligible. Records marked unverified, failed, carried forward or not re-checked are excluded from findings. Each distinct EFL is counted once per utility (latest issue date).
Monthly bills at 999 and 1,000 kWh are recalculated from the reconciled components: energy charge plus delivery charges times usage, plus monthly charges, minus the bill credit where usage meets the threshold.

Limitations

Historical: EFLs change. These figures describe the labels as issued on the dates shown, not current offers.
Small sample: 11 plan-utility combinations from one provider. Other bill-credit plans in the listings were excluded because their EFLs were not verified in the source files.
The 999 kWh bill is a recalculation from EFL components, not a provider-published figure. Taxes and other pass-through fees are not included.
5 distinct EFL records reproduce only if a credit described as applying above 1,000 kWh is applied at exactly 1,000 kWh; they are excluded and listed for review.

Sources: Power Hopper plan files compiled from Power to Choose-derived third-party listings, with REP Electricity Facts Labels read Oct 12 to Nov 2, 2026 (retained privately; raw rows not republished) · Dataset page

Usage-Sensitive Plans and the Lowest-vs-Median Price Spread by Utility

Input: the complete Power to Choose plan export (CSV) downloaded from the PUCT site, retained unchanged with its SHA-256 hash.
Rows used: English-language listings. Fixed-rate medians use plans with Fixed = 1 that are not prepaid and not time-of-use.
Prices are the average price per kWh at 500, 1,000 and 2,000 kWh that each provider reports for the plan (Electricity Facts Label figures as listed). They include the utility's delivery charges and any bill credits or minimum-usage fees built into the plan.
Median: the middle value of the listed prices for each delivery utility, rounded half-up to 0.1 cent. Medians are unweighted: each listing counts once regardless of how many customers choose it.
Two independent implementations (the site's JavaScript summarizer and a separate Python script) produce identical results from the same file.
Usage-sensitive: a listing whose 1,000 kWh average price is at least 25% below its 500 kWh price, the pattern produced by bill credits and minimum-usage terms.
Bill-credit text: the listing's Fees/Credits text mentions a bill credit. Spread: median minus lowest at 1,000 kWh.
Cross-check: the same calculations on a separately supplied Power to Choose CSV (not independently downloaded, date unconfirmed) give medians within 0.3¢ and the same lowest prices; it is not used for the published figures.

Limitations

A single-day snapshot; no trend is implied.
Unweighted listings; it does not show which plans customers choose.
The 25% cut-off is a Power Hopper definition; the CSV includes the 500/1,000 kWh ratio so other cut-offs can be applied.

Sources: PUCT Power to Choose plan export (public CSV) · Dataset page

Texas Electricity Plan Counts and Prices by Contract Term

Input: the complete Power to Choose plan export (CSV) downloaded from the PUCT site, retained unchanged with its SHA-256 hash.
Rows used: English-language listings. Fixed-rate medians use plans with Fixed = 1 that are not prepaid and not time-of-use.
Prices are the average price per kWh at 500, 1,000 and 2,000 kWh that each provider reports for the plan (Electricity Facts Label figures as listed). They include the utility's delivery charges and any bill credits or minimum-usage fees built into the plan.
Median: the middle value of the listed prices for each delivery utility, rounded half-up to 0.1 cent. Medians are unweighted: each listing counts once regardless of how many customers choose it.
Two independent implementations (the site's JavaScript summarizer and a separate Python script) produce identical results from the same file.
Term groups use the export's TermValue (months). A term of 0 or 1 is grouped as month-to-month or 1 month. No listings had terms of 25 to 35 months.
Medians are shown only where a term group has at least five fixed-rate listings.

Limitations

A listing count, not a count of distinct products: a provider offering one plan in six utility areas has six listings.
A single-day snapshot; no trend is implied.

Sources: PUCT Power to Choose plan export (public CSV) · Dataset page

EFL Reconciliation Audit of Third-Party Plan Listings, Sep to Nov 2026

Power Hopper analysis of plan data compiled from Power to Choose-derived third-party listings and REP Electricity Facts Labels. The listing files are secondary sources (third-party mirrors of Power to Choose); they are not official Power to Choose data and are not republished. Only aggregated statistics derived from Electricity Facts Label (EFL) components are published.
Each EFL record gives the provider's average price at 500, 1,000 and 2,000 kWh plus its components: the utility's per-kWh and monthly delivery charges, any recurring provider base charge, and any bill credit with its usage threshold.
Reconciliation: Power Hopper solves for the energy charge (and, where no base charge is stated, one constant monthly amount) that reproduces all three published averages, then checks every level to within the label's 0.1-cent rounding (±0.05¢). Records that do not reproduce are flagged, not used.
Only records the source file marks as EFL-verified are eligible. Records marked unverified, failed, carried forward or not re-checked are excluded from findings. Each distinct EFL is counted once per utility (latest issue date).
Monthly bills at 999 and 1,000 kWh are recalculated from the reconciled components: energy charge plus delivery charges times usage, plus monthly charges, minus the bill credit where usage meets the threshold.
Verification classes follow each record's own verification field: EFL VERIFIED (read or verified on a stated date), CARRIED / STALE (carried forward or not re-checked), UNVERIFIED OR FAILED, or no EFL components.

Limitations

The audit checks internal consistency of EFL figures; it does not re-download the EFL documents.
Counts are of records; one EFL can appear on several listing dates.

Licensing and attribution

Power Hopper original research and analysis are available for journalistic and research use with attribution to the Power Hopper research team at powerhopper.energy.

Power Hopper-created compilations and analysis are licensed CC BY 4.0. Source data belong to and are credited to the PUCT, ERCOT, the U.S. EIA, Lubbock Power & Light, Texas Legislature Online and the providers that publish Electricity Facts Labels. Use of their public data does not imply their endorsement.

Suggested citation format: Source: Power Hopper Research Team, powerhopper.energy, [dataset title], [publication date].

Corrections

Report a possible error to info@powerhopper.energy. Confirmed corrections are released as a new version and noted in the release history.